The pancreas is responsible for producing digestive chemicals that help break down the food we eat. The exocrine tissues of the pancreas secrete a clear, watery, alkaline juice containing enzymes such as trypsin and chymotrypsin to digest proteins, amylase to break down carbohydrates, and lipase to break down fats into fatty acids and cholesterol. The endocrine portion, known as islets of Langerhans, produces insulin and other hormones.

When blood sugar levels rise, pancreatic beta cells release insulin, which helps move glucose from the blood into muscles and other tissues to be used as energy. Insulin also aids the liver in absorbing glucose and storing it as glycogen, providing energy during periods of stress or exercise. Conversely, when blood sugar levels fall, pancreatic alpha cells release glucagon, which causes the liver to break down glycogen into glucose. This glucose is then released into the bloodstream, restoring normal blood sugar levels. It is important to maintain balanced blood sugar levels, and any concerns should be discussed with a healthcare professional.